Which factors interact to influence mental health according to the biopsychosocial model?

• A. Genetic factors alone.
• B. Biological, psychological, and social factors.
• C. Environmental factors alone.
• D. Cultural factors alone.

Answer: (B)

Mental health is shaped by the interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors. Biological aspects include genetics, brain chemistry, and physical health; psychological aspects cover thoughts, emotions, coping strategies, and behaviors; social aspects involve relationships, culture, socioeconomic conditions, and life events. This viewpoint is best because it shows how these domains influence each other to affect mental health—an example being how a genetic predisposition can be amplified or mitigated by stress levels and social support. Focusing on only one domain, like biology alone or environment alone or culture alone, misses how the interplay among mind, body, and surroundings drives mental health outcomes.