A psychiatrist notes that a client uses avoidance and denial to cope with stress. Which positive stress response should the nurse plan to focus on?

• A. Problem-solving
• B. Denial
• C. Venting emotions
• D. Withdrawal

Answer: (A)

When people cope with stress by engaging in active, constructive strategies, they’re using problem-solving. This approach directly addresses the stressor by identifying what’s wrong, brainstorming possible solutions, choosing and implementing a plan, and evaluating the outcome. It reduces uncertainty and gives the person a sense of control, which lowers overall stress and builds resilience.

Avoidance and denial are coping by turning away from the problem; they may feel easier in the moment but they don’t resolve the issue and can worsen stress over time. Venting emotions can be helpful for release, but on its own it doesn’t change the situation. Withdrawal similarly removes the person from the problem rather than equipping them to deal with it. Therefore the best focus is on developing and supporting problem-solving as a positive, proactive response.